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Esophageal Cancer Treatment in India

Released Date : 2024-03-25

Esophageal Cancer Treatment in India



What is Esophageal cancer ?

Esophageal cancer is a type of cancer that develops in the esophagus, the muscular tube that connects the throat (pharynx) to the stomach. Esophageal cancer typically starts in the inner lining of the esophagus and can spread to other parts of the body if not treated.

There are two main types of esophageal cancer:

  1. Squamous Cell Carcinoma: This type of esophageal cancer develops in the cells lining the upper part of the esophagus. It is often associated with factors such as smoking, heavy alcohol consumption, and certain dietary factors.

  2. Adenocarcinoma: Adenocarcinoma of the esophagus usually occurs in the lower part of the esophagus, near the junction with the stomach. It often develops in the glandular cells that produce mucus. Adenocarcinoma is often associated with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and Barrett's esophagus, a condition in which the normal cells lining the esophagus are replaced by abnormal cells.

Symptoms of esophageal cancer may include:

  • Difficulty swallowing (dysphagia)

  • Unintended weight loss

  • Chest pain or discomfort, particularly when swallowing

  • Persistent heartburn or indigestion

  • Hoarseness or chronic cough

  • Regurgitation of food or vomiting

The exact cause of esophageal cancer is not always clear, but several risk factors may increase the likelihood of developing the disease. These risk factors include:

  • Chronic tobacco use (smoking)

  • Heavy alcohol consumption

  • Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)

  • Barrett's esophagus

  • Obesity

  • Poor diet lacking in fruits and vegetables

  • Exposure to certain chemicals or toxins

How to diagnosed Esophageal cancer

  • Medical History Review,

  • Physical Examination,

  • imaging tests (such as CT scans, PET scans, and endoscopy), and biopsy.

How to Treat  esophageal cancer ?

Treatment options for esophageal cancer may Include surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy, either alone or in combination, depending on the stage and type of cancer, as well as the patient's overall health and preferences.

 

 

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