Hernia Surgery cost in India

Know More About Procedure & Surgery

What is Hernia?

A hernia occurs when an organ pushes through an opening in the muscle or tissue that holds it in place. For example, the intestines may break through a weakened area in the abdominal wall. Many hernias occur in the abdomen between your chest and hips, but they can also appear in the upper thigh and groin areas. Most hernias aren’t immediately life-threatening, but they don’t go away on their own. Sometimes they can require surgery to prevent dangerous complications.

Types of Hernia

• Inguinal hernia
• Femoral hernia
• Umbilical hernia
• Incisional hernia
• Epigastric hernia
• Hiatal hernia

Inguinal Hernia

An inguinal hernia occurs when tissue pushes through a weak spot in the groin muscle. Most inguinal hernias happen because an opening in the muscle wall does not close before birth as it should. This leaves a weak area in the belly muscle. When tissue pushes through the muscle, it creates a bulge. The main symptom of an inguinal hernia is a bulge in the groin or scrotum. It often feels like a round lump. The bulge may hurt or burn. It may form over a period of weeks or months. Or the bulge may appear all of a sudden after you lift heavy weight, cough, strain, or laugh. If you have an inguinal hernia, it won't heal on its own. Surgery is the only way to treat it.

Femoral Hernia

A femoral hernia occurs when tissue bulges from the lower belly into the upper thigh, just below the groin crease. Femoral hernias occur more often in women than in men. Pain from a femoral hernia is usually felt in the groin area. It is sometimes mistaken for an inguinal hernia. A femoral hernia can be hard to diagnose. This hernia may be too small for your doctor to feel during a physical exam. You may need other tests. Often a femoral hernia is found when part of the intestine is trapped and blood supply to the tissue is cut off. This is called a strangulated hernia. It requires emergency surgery.

Umbilical Hernia

It occurs when intestine, fat, or fluid pushes through a weak spot in the belly. This causes a bulge near the belly button, or navel.

In adults

Umbilical hernias can also occur in adults. They can happen in people who have health problems that create pressure in the belly, such as being overweight, being pregnant, or having too much fluid in the belly. Other health problems can also lead to umbilical hernia. These include a chronic cough, chronic constipation, and problems urinating because of an oversized prostate gland. An umbilical hernia tends to get bigger over time. You may need surgery to treat it.

Incisional Hernia

An incisional hernia can occur after surgery in the belly. It can happen months or even years after surgery. Most of the time, it occurs along a vertical (up and down) incision. This type of hernia can occur in people who:

• Overweight.
• Older.
• Have used steroid medicines
• Have had lung problems after surgery.
• Have had a wound infection after surgery or have had more than one surgery using the same incision.

Epigastric Hernia

An epigastric hernia occurs when fat pushes through a weak part of the belly wall. It occurs in the middle of the belly between the breastbone and the belly button, or navel. Most of the time, these hernias are small. You can have more than one at a time. Epigastric hernias often have no symptoms. But they can cause pain in the upper belly. You may need surgery to repair an epigastric hernia.

Hiatal Hernia

It is different from other types of hernias, because it involves the stomach instead of the intestine. It occurs when part of your stomach bulges up through your diaphragm and into your chest. The diaphragm is a sheet of muscle that separates your belly from your chest. You can't feel a hiatal hernia or see a bulge.Most people with a hiatal hernia have no symptoms. But one symptom you may have is heartburn. If you often have symptoms, or if they are very bad, you may also have gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD).

Symptoms

Bulge or lump in the affected area. For example, in the case of an inguinal hernia, you may notice a lump on either side of your pubic bone where your groin and thigh meet. You may find that the lump disappears when you’re lying down. You’re more likely to feel your hernia through touch when you’re standing up, bending down, or coughing. Discomfort or pain in the area around the lump may also be present. Some types of hernia, such as hiatal hernias, can have more specific symptoms. These can include things like heartburn, trouble swallowing, and chest pain. In many cases, hernias have no symptoms. You may not know you have a hernia unless it shows up during a routine physical or a medical exam for an unrelated problem. The prognosis for hernia repair surgery is generally very good, but can depend on the nature of the hernia, your symptoms, and your overall health. In some cases, the hernia may recur following repair.

Hernia Cause

Some common causes of muscle weakness or strain that can lead to a hernia include:

• A  congenital condition that occurs during development in the womb and is present from birth aging
• Damage from an injury or surgery
• Chronic coughing or chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder(COPD).
• Strenuous exercise or lifting heavy weights
• Pregnancy, especially having multiple pregnancies
• Constipation, which causes you to strain when having a bowel movement
• Being overweight or obese
• Fluid in the abdomen, or ascites

There are also certain things that can increase your risk of developing a hernia. They include:

• A personal or family history of hernias
• Being older
• Pregnancy
• Being overweight or obese
• Chronic constipation
• Chronic cough (likely due to the repetitive increase in abdominal pressure)
• Cystic fibrosis
• Smoking (leading to weakening of co
• nnective tissue)
• Being born prematurely or with a low birth weight

Hernia Diagnosis

• Abdominal ultrasound, which uses high-frequency sound waves to create an image of the structures inside the body.
• CT Scan, which combines X-rays with computer technology to produce an image
• MRI Scan, which uses a combination of strong magnets and radio waves to make an image

For hiatal hernia other tests that allow them to assess the internal location of your stomach:

• Gastrografin or barium X-ray, which is a series of X-ray pictures of your digestive tract. The pictures are recorded after you’ve finished drinking a liquid containing diatrizoate meglumine and diatrizoate sodium (Gastrografin) or a liquid barium solution. Both show up well on the X-ray images.
• Endoscopy, which involves threading a small camera attached to a tube down your throat and into your esophagus and stomach.

Hernia Surgery

If your hernia is growing larger or causing pain, surgeon may decide it’s best to operate. They may repair your hernia by sewing the hole in the abdominal wall closed during surgery. This is commonly done by patching the hole with surgical mesh. Hernias can be repaired with either open or laproscopic surgery. Laparoscopic surgery uses a tiny camera and miniaturized surgical equipment to repair the hernia using only a few small incisions. It’s also less damaging to the surrounding tissue. During open surgery, the surgeon makes an incision close to the site of the hernia, and then pushes the bulging tissue back into the abdomen. They then sew the area shut, sometimes reinforcing it with surgical mesh. Finally, they close the incision. Not all hernias are suitable for laparoscopic surgery. If your hernia requires an open surgical repair, surgeon will work with you to determine which type of surgery is best for your condition.

Recovery

After your surgery, you may experience pain around the surgical site. You will be prescribe medication to help ease this discomfort while you recover. Be sure to carefully follow your surgeon’s instructions involving wound care. Contact them promptly if you notice any signs of infection such as fever, redness or drainage at the site, or pain that suddenly worsens. Following your hernia repair, you may be unable to move around normally for several weeks. You’ll need to avoid any strenuous activity. Additionally, you should avoid lifting objects. Open surgery often requires a longer recovery process than laparoscopic surgery. Your surgeon will let you know when you can return to your normal routine.

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