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Obstetric Anal Sphincter Injury (OASI)

Released Date: 2025-01-01
Written & reviewed by Vikram Kashyap, Medical Consultant, Satyug Healthcare ·Last updated: ·Editorial policy

Obstetric Anal Sphincter Injury (OASI) Treatment in India


🩺 Obstetric Anal Sphincter Injury (OASI) Treatment in India

Obstetric Anal Sphincter Injury is a tear of the anal sphincter muscles that can occur during vaginal childbirth. With timely repair and follow-up care, most women recover full function and comfort.

3.6-6%
Incidence in Vaginal Births
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🔬 What is OASI?

OASI refers to third-degree tears (involving the anal sphincter muscles) or fourth-degree tears (additionally involving the rectal lining) that occur during vaginal delivery. Left unrepaired or inadequately treated, it can lead to perineal pain, painful intercourse, or flatal/faecal incontinence.

🖼️ Understand It in Pictures

💡 In simple words
An obstetric anal sphincter injury (OASI) is a deep tear during vaginal birth that reaches the ring muscle that controls the back passage. It is also called a third- or fourth-degree tear. It is usually stitched in the operating theatre soon after birth, followed by medicines, pelvic floor exercises and follow-up.

Intact muscle, tear and repair (simplified)

Obstetric Anal Sphincter Injury (OASI): normal vs abnormal explained in pictures

👀 Symptoms in Pictures

Symptoms of Obstetric Anal Sphincter Injury (OASI) - in pictures

🎬 The Treatment Journey in Pictures

Obstetric Anal Sphincter Injury (OASI) step by step in pictures

📅 Recovery at a Glance

Recovery timeline after Obstetric Anal Sphincter Injury (OASI)

✅ Treatment & Recovery

  • ✓ Primary repair is performed immediately at the time of delivery in the majority of cases
  • ✓ Secondary repair is needed in 2.6–3% of cases where healing is incomplete, and can be safely performed early (within 21 days) rather than waiting months
  • ✓ Strict pelvic rest for 6 weeks post-repair supports proper healing
  • ✓ Follow-up visits at 1–2 weeks check for wound separation, infection, or hematoma
  • ✓ Pelvic floor physiotherapy supports full functional recovery

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